Author Archive for Ben

Eco-Friendly Land Clearing

As much as we would love to be surrounded by a beautiful 50-year-old hardwood forest, the reality is much different ever since my family had the land clearcut in 1997 (this was before it was transferred over to me and my brother). Only the areas near the natural spring, the creek, and the old cemetery were spared. The rest is full of young pine trees, brambles and vines, and lots and lots of struggling baby hardwood trees. In other words, a huge mess.

We’d more or less figured out where we want the house to be (generally speaking) by looking at the topography maps, but spent some time cutting trails through different areas just to be sure. My dad lent us his bush axe and it didn’t take 30 seconds for me to realize its superior utility compared to a machete. Thanks, dad.

BG With Bush Axe (Insane)

At one point, we hacked a trail through the western part of the property just south of the old county road. Unfortunately, we figured out we were too far west of where we wanted to be and had to start over, but we did find some interesting artifacts along the way: a round car headlight, some old tires, and glass Mason and milk jars. I can’t say for sure, but it wouldn’t surprise me if they had been there for 70+ years. I wondered whose they were and how they got there…

The next morning, we began again and cut a new trail more in the center area and immediately knew we had made the right decision to start over. A couple hours later, the clearing crew from Specialized Forestry Solutions arrived. The equipment setup took only a few minutes and they were soon tearing through the area that we had marked as the future driveway. The trees started coming down while Laura and I were busy going through the woods as fast as we could to mark the borders of the main area to clear. I will admit it was somewhat frightening to be deep in the woods and hear that beast coming our way!

SFS used a Rayco C140 Super Crawler. It is a track-based machine (no wheels) with a spinning head on the front that is full of tree-grinding teeth. I believe they told me they used a different head on it that was even more vicious than the stock head. It was crazy. Be sure to watch the video below.

Eventually, they got enough of it cleared that we could actually see the lay of the land. We were imagining the house over here, the chickens up there, the pond down that way. The goats, the orchard, the vegetable patch, the pecan grove. After 5 hours they had decimated the 25 ft wide by 300 ft long area for the driveway, and an approximate 175 ft wide by 200 ft deep homesite area (not perfectly square).

We were very impressed with their work and the cost: Only $1400.

It’s important to note that, while I didn’t know it when I first found out about SFS, it turns out that they are located only 6 miles down the road from the land. So we are supporting our local community and economy. This is important to us. We chose them, too, because their method of land clearing turns the trees into mulch which helps with erosion control and eventually returns the organic matter to the soil. There is no haul-off or burning involved.

Check out the video. It is the first one that I have done, so I hope it’s not too bad!

Toccoa Eco Land Clearing on YouTube

Land Clearing Dec 2008

Specialized Forestry Solutions

Rayco C140 Super Crawler

Cooking With Cardboard

(or, how I built a solar oven)

Recently, I had to do a project of my choosing for Permaculture class. My friend Jessica and I decided to build a solar oven out of cardboard and other cheap materials, just to see how much it would cost and what the outcome would be (i.e. could we actually cook anything in it?). This is the how-to guide that we used:

“Minimum” Solar Box Cooker

Here are the results. This is a PDF version of our PowerPoint presentation:

The Cardboard Solar Oven Project

Building A Cheap Solar Oven

And this is a short paper that I wrote about solar cooking in general:

Cooking With Free Solar Energy

In the end, it didn’t bake the bread as we had hoped. Maybe we just didn’t leave it in there long enough, or perhaps it was just too cold outside when we tried. But it did give me hope that a serious effort to build a solar oven — using wood, glass, insulation, and proper reflectors — will succeed. I definitely think that solar ovens have the potential to cook a large portion of the food that we now prepare with fossil fuels (either directly or indirectly).

If you are interested in this topic, be sure to check out the solar cooking wiki linked below. It is packed with information and advice.

The Solar Cooking Archive Wiki

Prius + Inverter = AC Power

Over the past couple months we’ve been thinking about how to have electricity while we’re building our house. We’ll need it for operating circular saws, drills, and other power tools. One solution is to buy a gas-powered electric generator. But this means purchasing another complicated piece of equipment — one that is loud when operating, costs at least $700, and is probably overkill for our requirements. We prefer simple things, remember?

I wondered if there was any way we could utilize the battery power in our Prius. I went on the Prius Chat message boards and found a few people who had installed standard 110v AC electric outlets by using an inverter. It looked relatively simple and cheap, so I bought a Xantrex Xpower Plus 1200 watt inverter and had it installed. In addition to serving the power tools that we’ll need while building our house, AC outlets will also come in handy when we want to charge our cell phones, laptops, and other devices while we’re on the road.

The total investment was $150 for the inverter, $66 for the installation (parts and labor), and $14 for a 15′ heavy-duty extension cord to run from the rear hatch up under the carpet to the front passenger seat (where we can plug in things). There’s also another spare outlet at the inverter, which is installed under the cargo floor, that we can use to plug in external devices such as the power tools.

Some things to keep in mind:

The car must be on and started for the inverter to work properly or it will drain the 12v battery. In the Prius the 12v battery is the size used in motorcycles, about half the capacity of a normal car battery. While the car is “on”, the electric power comes from the main hybrid battery pack which is a whopping 200 volts. There is a DC-DC stepdown converter that changes the 200v to the 12v to which the inverter is connected. In theory, while the car is on, the hybrid system supplies all of the power to the inverter so there should be no issues — if the hybrid battery pack gets low, the car will start the gas engine to charge it.

You must know the watt and/or amp ratings of the devices you wish to use. It’s probably not a big deal for low power devices like laptops and cell phones, but once you get into using devices that either a) have a motor or b) generate heat, you must be sure to not overload the inverter. Most items are labeled in watts or amps. In the case of watts, just make sure that the amount of watts used by the devices don’t add up to more than 1,000 (or whatever the rating of your inverter). For amps, you must multiply amps x 110 (volts AC). So a 6.5 amp device would use 715 watts, for example.

Prius Inverter Installation Pictures

Inverter Installation

Local NC Cohousing Communities

Yesterday, my Permaculture class went on a field trip to the Arcadia Cohousing Community in Chapel Hill, NC. It is basically a planned neighborhood of 33 individually owned homes that are clustered together in a way that promotes interaction and cooperation. Instead of clearly defined lots and divisions, there are peripheral parking spaces and many houses are connected by either common doors or breezeways. Sidewalks link the homes to the central green space, common house (including a commercial-style kitchen, and rooms for guests), and the creek. The development is 6 acres, with another 10 acres set aside for wildlife, recreation, and a community garden.

The main difference between this and a commune is that Arcadia is simply an intentional neighborhood. People there have regular jobs, aren’t very “granola” (there were few solar panels), and aren’t required to perform any type of community work.

Overall, it was interesting to see and honestly it would be wonderful if more neighborhoods had this type of arrangement. Every family in Arcadia knows everyone else, and several even serve together on community committees. How many of you can say that you know 32 of your neighbors?

Check out the photos, especially the ones of the green rickshaw-type bike. It carries two people side-by-side and has a small electric motor to assist on hills. Pretty neat, although the pricetag (including upgrades) was over $3,000.

Arcadia Cohousing Information

Arcadia Photos

After Arcadia, we did a quick drive-by of the newer Pacifica community right down the road in Carrboro, NC. It seems to be denser, comprised mostly of townhomes and condos, with very few individual homes. I liked the funky colors. See photos.

Pacifica Cohousing Information

Pacifica Official Site

Pacifica Photos

Last, but not least, we visited the Pickard’s Mountain Eco-Institute which is run by Tim Toben and his wife Megan. Nobody was around to give us an official tour, but it looked like they were doing great things. We got to go inside part of the Toben’s house which was unbelievable. It wasn’t anything I’d ever want to live in, but it was interesting to see what some people view as “eco friendly” when the budget is in the millions of dollars (Tim is the former CEO of a dot com company).

Tim Toben Interview on Treehugger

Pickard’s Mountain Eco Institute

Pickard Mountain / Toben House Photos

Download Free Eco Books

Free versions of some books that are on our book list. As far as I know, these are legitimate and legal. Enjoy!

The Humanure Handbook

Capturing Heat: Earth-Friendly Cooking

The Cob Builder’s Handbook

Helpful Books We’re Reading

In the near future I plan to do full reviews of some books that we’ve been reading. This will probably be a once-a-month feature geared towards explaining what the book has to offer, its relevance to our project, and why I think it is particularly useful to us. To begin, I made a list of the books that are currently on our bookshelf that we think may have something to offer. If you’ve read any of these, or have any other recommendations, please let us know your opinion in the comments.

Note that we are looking at a good mix between older and newer books. We’re not aiming to be on the cutting edge, or to necessarily reinvent the wheel — although sometimes it might seem that way since we are planning to do many things that few people have done before. A wealth of excellent information exists that is decades old, and may even be somewhat outdated, but that doesn’t mean that we can’t be inspired by it, learn from it, or maybe even dig out a nugget of gold that all of the newer books have missed.

Our Book List

Family Land Photos: Then and Now

This photo was taken on the land sometime around 1930.

Pictured are, left to right:

Top row - Hoyt, Glen, Lois, Paul
Bottom row - Henry, Nina, Annell, Ola

Henry and Ola are my great grandparents. The others are siblings. Annell is my grandmother; I call her MeeMa. Nina is my great aunt. They are the only ones still alive (see second photo).

L-R (rear) Hoyt, Glen, Lois, Paul, (front) Henry, Nina, Annell, Ola

Two years ago, I went to the land for the first time with some of my cousins who own adjacent property. We brought MeeMa and Aunt Nina with us — they hadn’t been back to the land in quite some time (they lived there for a few more years into the 1930’s, then the family moved closer to town). MeeMa will be 87 years old this coming December, and Nina is a few years younger. Both of them are still sharp as a tack.

MeeMa is up front holding the hat, Nina is behind her.

Nina and MeeMa

Old Land Photos

On the Land in 2006

Eco-Friendly Laundry Options

One thing that we try to keep in mind when planning our sustainable future is to avoid thinking “How can we do what we do now, but do it in a sustainable way?”. Initially, this is the temptation: to continue the status quo with less impact. It’s like buying a Prius when we should really just forget car-based transportation and ride bicycles instead.

What we’re looking for is a shift in ideas. How can we take this task, turn it on its head, and do it differently?

Recently, I’ve tried to figure out how we might wash clothes without resorting to using traditional washer-and-dryer appliances. They’re a wasteful use of energy and a complicated set of products controlled by computer circuitry. The initial costs are expensive and so is the maintenance. For us, this is unacceptable.

So how can this process be simplified without going back to the old, backbreaking, washboard technique?

I found three simple products that, when combined, will allow us to do laundry in a timely, efficient manner with minimal effort, environmental impact, energy use, or cost. Please note that we have not tried any of these. It is just a sample of the type of solutions we are looking for.

The “Breathing” Mobile Washer - $17. Yes, it looks like a plunger but the design actually pumps water through your clothes with ease. User reviews say that only a few minutes of agitation are needed to do a large load of laundry. It’s cheap, easy, and obvious.

Bio-Kleen Cold Water Laundry Liquid - $0.12 per oz. This clothes cleaning liquid is environmentally friendly, is not tested on animals, and does not contain any bizarre fragrances, dyes, or toxic chemicals. That means we can recycle the wastewater and use it for irrigation. It is also available in 5-gallon buckets, which fits our requirement that any consumables must be available in bulk. Each load requires only 1 oz of cleaner; at a current price of $77 for 5 gallons (640 oz) that’s $0.12 per load and it will last us at least 6 years.

Spin Dryer - $135. It’s a centrifuge for your laundry. With a spin rate of 3200 rpm, clothes are nearly dry in less than 3 minutes. The only thing left to do is hang them outside on a clothesline for an hour or two (sunlight is also a good sterilizer).

In the end, we may decide on something different, but compared to the complexity and price of a normal washer and dryer, solutions like these just make sense.

Budgeting and Getting Started

Last weekend, Laura and I went to Earthaven Ecovillage near Asheville. While I’m fairly certain I don’t ever want to live in such an arrangement, it was inspiring to see some of the buildings and structures that they’ve made from earthen materials. We also got to help build a small pond and to mud plaster the exterior of a fancy outhouse. Getting ideas and learning learning learning…

Most recently, I have been trying to figure out a rough budget that we will need as the project progresses.

The first and most important thing to take care of is clearing the land. As much as I would love to live in a magnificent 50 year old forest, that reality doesn’t exist on our land anymore since my mom and other family members, in their infinite and forward-looking wisdom, decided to cut everything down 12 years ago for profit. As you can see here, most of it is nothing but brush, thorns, and very small trees.

In the name of growing our own food and putting up solar panels, some of the trees have to come down. I found a local land clearing company [Specialized Forestry Solutions] that will come in and take down 4 acres, in about 2 days time, for $4,000. The best part is that their clearing machine mulches as it goes, leaving a layer of organic matter covering the ground. This should be perfect in a few years when we finish the house and want to start a large garden and an orchard. Plus it’s less than 10% of the land, anyway.

After we get the land cleared, the second step is to get an 800 ft gravel driveway put in. I’m still working on getting an exact quote for that but it should be less than $8,000 for sure. Then we need small-ish concrete slabs installed for the shipping containers to sit on, and also for storage bays for other materials like the rocks and sand we will need for the rammed earth mixture. Oh yeah, did I mention that we’re going to live in 20′x8′x8′ shipping containers while we build the house? Yes, we’re that awesome.

Right now it’s looking like the land clearing will be done at the end of December. We’re aiming to have the road put in by the end of March, concrete slabs poured sometime in April, and shipping containers delivered by May. That way we can be set up to actually get stuff done next summer like building an outhouse, preparing the containers for livability, installing a few solar panels and a metal roof over everything, and hooking up a water catchment system (off the roof) so we have a source of potable water.

FUN!!!

Earthaven Ecovillage